Policy makers and industry representatives have called on Bank Indonesia
(BI) to take a more active approach in stabilising the rupiah, as businesses
struggle to cope with its fitful performance.
Trade Minister Muhammad Lutfi said Thursday that the
recent sharp depreciation might not necessarily translate into a boon for
exporters, who are supposedly enjoying the greatest benefit from the weak currency.
He explained that importers suffered as they had to
pay more for products from overseas.
“The fact that [the currency's movement] has been
erratic made it difficult for exporters and importers,” Lutfi told reporters on
Thursday. “Exchange rate stability and predictability are really important.”
Businesses and investors were taken aback by the
rupiah’s latest sharp fluctuation after the currency turned from Asia’s best
performer to its worst in just a matter of weeks.
On Thursday, the rupiah fell 0.5 per cent to 12,091
against the greenback, according to the Jakarta Interbank Spot Dollar Rate (JISDOR).
The currency had already fallen by 6 per cent in from April to June, reversing
its 7 per cent appreciation in the first quarter, which made the rupiah the
best performer among Asian currencies during that period.
The Indonesian central bank was also under the
spotlight for the rupiah’s volatility. Its one-month implied volatility, the
expected swings in the exchange rate, jumped to 10.1 per cent this week from
7.5 per cent on June 13, according to wire reports.
“We are facing uncertainty with the rupiah’s
movements, as we have to recalculate our base costs and selling prices,” Sofjan
Wanandi, the chairman of the Indonesian Employers Association (Apindo), said in
a phone interview.
Sofjan argued, in response to the rupiah’s
depreciation, businesses could not just raise prices for imported goods as
overall economic demand was subdued. “Actually, the rupiah rate of 11,500 per
dollar was conducive for us,” he added.
Investment Coordinating Board (BKPM) chairman Mahendra
Siregar on Thursday warned that the rupiah’s steep fall might pose a big
problem to businesses looking to borrow dollars to expand investment.
The latest statistics from BI shows that Indonesia’s
private sector dollar-denominated debts saw a 13-per cent increase year-on-year
to US$145.6 billion in April.
The debt growth was higher than the 12.2 per cent and
11.6 per cent recorded in March and February, respectively, ringing alarm bells
for policy makers over potential currency mismatch in the private sector if the
rupiah continued to depreciate.
Responding to the rupiah’s recent weakness, BI senior
deputy governor Mirza Adityaswara said Thursday that the central bank would
continue to guard stability.
However, Mirza argued that the market might have
overreacted over recent domestic economic and political developments, as the
current rupiah rate of 12,000 per dollar had “overshot” BI’s comfortable range
of 11,600 to 11,800.
Finance Minister Chatib Basri said last week that the
government would set the rupiah assumption in next year’s budget between 11,500
and 12,000, on the back of the prospect of tighter global liquidity driven by
an expected increase in US interest rates.
The central bank has predicted the US Federal Reserve
fund rate — the benchmark interest rate in the US economy, which currently
stands at a mere 0.25 per cent — would increase by 50 basis points in the third
quarter next year and by another 25 basis points in the fourth quarter.
The higher interest rate in the US could reduce the
inflow of short-term funds to emerging markets including Indonesia.
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